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List of states of Mexico

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A Mexican State (Spanish: Estados), officially the Free and Sovereign State (Spanish: Estado libre y soberano), is a constituent federative entity of Mexico according to the Constitution of Mexico. Currently there are 31 states, each with its own constitution, government, state governor, and state congress. In the hierarchy of Mexican administrative divisions, states are further divided into municipalities. Currently there are 2,462 municipalities in Mexico.

Although not formally a state, Mexico City (Spanish: Ciudad de México), the capital city of United Mexican States and formerly designed as the Federal District (Spanish: Distrito Federal), has been made a separate federative entity that has autonomy on par with the states since a constitutional amendment in 2016.[1][2][3][4] Mexico City is divided into 16 boroughs (Spanish: demarcaciones territoriales), similar to other states' municipalities but with different administrative powers.[5]

The current Mexican governmental publications usually lists 32 federative entity (31 states and Mexico City), and 2,478 municipalities (includes the 16 boroughs of Mexico City).

List of federative entities

[edit]

Mexico City, though not formally a state, is added for comparison.

Federative entities of the United Mexican States
Coat of arms and name Cities Area[6] Population
(2023)[7] 		Munici-
palities		 Admission to Federation
Capital Largest km2 sq mi Order Date
Aguascalientes Aguascalientes 5,615.7 2,168.2 1,465,000 11 24 5 Feb 1857[8]
Baja California Mexicali Tijuana 71,450.0 27,587.0 3,822,000 7 29 16 Jan 1952[9]
Baja California Sur La Paz 73,909.4 28,536.6 759,000 5 31 8 Oct 1974[10]
Campeche San Francisco de Campeche 57,484.9 22,195.0 965,000 13 25 29 Apr 1863[11]
Chiapas Tuxtla Gutiérrez 73,311.0 28,305.5 5,602,000 124 19 14 Sep 1824[12]
Chihuahua Chihuahua Ciudad Juárez 247,412.6 95,526.5 3,806,000 67 18 6 Jul 1824[12]
Coahuila de Zaragoza [a][b] Saltillo 151,594.8 58,531.1 3,189,000 38 16 7 May 1824[12]
Colima[c] Colima Manzanillo 5,626.9 2,172.6 830,000 10 22 12 Sep 1856[14]
Durango Victoria de Durango 123,364.0 47,631.1 1,846,000 39 17 22 May 1824[12]
Guanajuato Guanajuato León de los Aldama 30,606.7 11,817.3 6,205,000 46 2 20 Dec 1823[12]
Guerrero Chilpancingo de los Bravo Acapulco de Juárez 63,595.9 24,554.5 3,556,000 85 21 27 Oct 1849[15]
Hidalgo Pachuca de Soto 20,821.4 8,039.2 3,115,000 84 26 16 Jan 1869[16]
Jalisco Guadalajara Zapopan 78,595.9 30,346.0 8,400,000 125 9 23 Dec 1823[12]
México Toluca de Lerdo Ecatepec de Morelos 22,351.8 8,630.1 17,102,000 125 1 20 Dec 1823[12]
Mexico City (Ciudad de México) [d] — 1,494.3 577.0 9,305,000 16 32 29 Jan 2016
Michoacán de Ocampo Morelia 58,598.7 22,625.1 4,736,000 113 5 22 Dec 1823[12]
Morelos Cuernavaca 4,878.9 1,883.8 2,016,000 36 27 17 Apr 1869 [17]
Nayarit Tepic 27,856.5 10,755.5 1,274,000 20 28 26 Jan 1917[18]
Nuevo León[b] Monterrey 64,156.2 24,770.8 5,846,000 51 15 7 May 1824[12]
Oaxaca Oaxaca de Juárez 93,757.6 36,200.0 4,096,000 570 3 21 Dec 1823[12]
Puebla Puebla de Zaragoza 34,309.6 13,247.0 6,535,000 217 4 21 Dec 1823[12]
Querétaro Santiago de Querétaro 11,690.6 4,513.8 2,404,000 18 11 23 Dec 1823[12]
Quintana Roo Chetumal Cancún 44,705.2 17,260.8 1,895,000 11 30 8 Oct 1974[19]
San Luis Potosí San Luis Potosí 61,138.0 23,605.5 2,815,000 59 6 22 Dec 1823[12]
Sinaloa Culiacán Rosales 57,365.4 22,148.9 3,015,000 20 20 14 Oct 1830[20]
Sonora[e] Hermosillo 179,354.7 69,249.2 3,006,000 72 12 10 Jan 1824[12]
Tabasco[f] Villahermosa 24,730.9 9,548.7 2,435,000 17 13 7 Feb 1824[12]
Tamaulipas[b] Ciudad Victoria Reynosa 80,249.3 30,984.4 3,506,000 43 14 7 Feb 1824[12]
Tlaxcala Tlaxcala de Xicohténcatl San Pablo del Monte 3,996.6 1,543.1 1,405,000 60 23 9 Dec 1856[21]
Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave Xalapa-Enríquez Veracruz 71,823.5 27,731.2 8,105,000 212 7 22 Dec 1823[12]
Yucatán[g] Mérida 39,524.4 15,260.5 2,374,000 106 8 23 Dec 1823[12]
Zacatecas Zacatecas 75,275.3 29,064.0 1,674,000 58 10 23 Dec 1823[12]
Mexico total Mexico City 1,972,550.0 761,605.8 127,104,000 2,478 —

Notes:

  1. ^ Joined the federation with the name of Coahuila y Tejas.
  2. ^ a b c The states of Nuevo León, Tamaulipas and Coahuila became independent de facto in 1840 to form the República del Río Grande (English: Republic of the Rio Grande); never consolidated its independence because independent forces were defeated by the centralist forces.[13]
  3. ^ Includes the remote Revillagigedo Islands, which are federally administered.
  4. ^ Mexico City was a Federal District until 29 January 2016, when this status was abolished.
  5. ^ Joined the federation with the name of Estado de Occidente, also recognized as Sonora y Sinaloa.
  6. ^ The State of Tabasco seceded from Mexico on two occasions: first on 13 February 1841, rejoining again on 2 December 1842; and the second from 9 November 1846 to 9 December 1846.
  7. ^ Joined the federation as República Federada de Yucatán[22] (English: Federated Republic of Yucatán) formed by the current states of Yucatán, Campeche and Quintana Roo. Became independent in 1841 constituting the second Republic of Yucatán and definitively rejoined in 1848.

Lists by topic

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State symbols:

State governments:

Other:

See also

[edit]

References

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  1. ^ Agren, David (29 January 2015). "Mexico City officially changes its name to – Mexico City". The Guardian. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
  2. ^ El Diario de México. "La Ciudad de México no será estado, sino entidad federal autónoma" (in Spanish). Retrieved 29 February 2016.
  3. ^ "Artículo 43 de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos" (PDF).
  4. ^ "DF no es el estado 32, aclaran legisladores". Archived from the original on 18 April 2020.
  5. ^ "Constitution of Mexico City" (PDF) (in Spanish). Gobierno de la Ciudad de México. Retrieved 8 February 2021.
  6. ^ "México en cifras - Medio Ambiente - Superficie continental" (in Spanish). INEGI. January 2016. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
  7. ^ "Censo de Población y Vivienda 2022 - SCITEL" (in Spanish). Retrieved 26 January 2021.
  8. ^ "Historical Summary of Aguascalientes" (in Spanish). Gobierno del estado de Aguascalientes. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  9. ^ "Transformación Política de Territorio Norte de la Baja California a Estado 29" (in Spanish). Gobierno de Baja California.
  10. ^ "44 Years Ago, Baja California Sur and Quintana Roo became States" (in Spanish). Gobierno de México. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  11. ^ "156th Anniversary of Campeche's Statehood" (in Spanish). INAFED. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "Las Diputaciones Provinciales" (PDF) (in Spanish). p. 15.
  13. ^ "República de Río Grande, el País que no pudo ser" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 22 January 2010. Retrieved 16 June 2015.
  14. ^ "Universidad de Colima". Archived from the original on 10 August 2010. Retrieved 16 June 2015.
  15. ^ "Commemorating the 169th Anniversary of Guerrero's Statehood" (in Spanish). Gobierno de México. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  16. ^ "History of the state of Hidalgo" (in Spanish). INAFED. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  17. ^ "History of Morelos" (in Spanish). Gobierno del estado de Morelos. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  18. ^ "Anniversary of Nayarit's Statehood" (in Spanish). Gobierno de México. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  19. ^ "Historia de Quintana Roo" (in Spanish). Gobierno del Estado de Quintana Roo. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  20. ^ "500 años de México en documentos" (in Spanish). Biblioteca Garay.
  21. ^ "History of Tlaxcala" (in Spanish). Congreso del estado de Tlaxcala. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  22. ^ "La historia de la República de Yucatán".
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